2.3.3 Paragraph structure
A paragraph should be built around one idea or theme and given unity; that is, the sentences in a paragraph relate to one topic and each sentence should logically lead to the next. Paragraphs lack unity when they jump from one idea to the next. This means that paragraphs should be organised logically and give the reader an idea of what they contain. Every paragraph needs a topic sentence, which is usually the first sentence and which serves the same function as a headline in a newspaper.
Where possible paragraphs should be kept short; short paragraphs are easier to read. Generally in business writing, such as letters, short paragraphs average four to five lines while in business reports paragraphs can be up to seven or eight lines. Opening and closing paragraphs are usually the shortest. However there are other considerations, too, that determine the length and nature of paragraphs. Paragraphs should be given appropriate emphasis and employ the same strategies used in sentence construction: that is, you should vary the length of paragraphs; use beginnings and endings of paragraphs for key information; repeat key words throughout; and be explicit about what is important. The logical arrangement of paragraphs and ideas is important too, and it is also necessary to order the information according to the purpose of the document. Note the differences in the order of information in the business letters outlined in the next section.
Finally, paragraphs should be coherent. This is of the highest importance because coherence within and between paragraphs provides a logical movement from one idea to the next. Strategies for developing coherence include using transitional words and sentences that clearly link the idea from one paragraph to the idea of the next.
Activity 2d
Complete the Skill Builder activity on pages 435-436 of the textbook.
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