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• Module overview
• 1. Manage and appraise performance
  • 1.1 Manage performance of individuals in teams
    • 1.1.1 Performance appraisal defined
    • 1.1.2 Types of appraisal
  • 1.2 Goal alignment: "Best practice" performance appraisal supports
  • 1.3 360 degree feedback or multi-rater appraisal sessions
  • 1.4 Individual development
    • 1.4.1 Aligning individual with organisational needs
    • 1.4.2 Setting individual development needs
  • 1.5 Evaluating the performance appraisal process
  • Job Performance Plan

• 2. Improve performance

  • 2.1 Address performance related issues
    • 2.1.1 Job Performance plans
    • 2.1.2 Setting and integrating job performance outcomes
    • 2.1.3 Addressing poor performance
    • 2.1.4 One-on-one formal staff interviews
  • 2.2 Address issues and problems of individuals in teams
    • 2.2.1 A team problem solving process
    • 2.2.2 Solutions search
    • 2.2.3 Removing root causes
    • 2.2.4 Solutions implementation through inclusive communication processes

• 3. Motivate and build commitment

  • 3.1 Build support and commitment within the work team
  • 3.2 Encourage value and reward contributions
  • 3.3 Empowerment
  • 3.4 Expectancy theory
    • 3.4.1 Motivation and expectancy theory
    • 3.4.2 Rewarding individual commitment
  • 3.5 Gaining individual and team commitment to action
    • 3.5.1 Participative processes and commitment building

• 4. Review and evaluate performance within the work team

  • 4.1 Teams as delegated authority centres
    • 4.1.1 Transitioning to the required team structure
  • 4.2 Review and examine performance in teams
  • 4.3 Monitor delegated performance
  • 4.4 Assess the ability of the team to achieve goals
  • 4.5 Review the success of team leadership

• 5. Facilitating team outcomes

  • 5.1 What is a team leader?
  • 5.2 What is a team?
  • 5.3 Types of teams
    • 5.3.1 Self-Managed Teams
    • 5.3.2 Quality Circles
    • 5.3.3 Project Teams
    • 5.3.4 Empowered Teams
    • 5.3.5 Process Improvement Teams
    • 5.3.6 Virtual Teams
  • 5.4 Forming participative teams
    • 5.4.1 Forming Storming Norming Performing team-development model
    • 5.4.2 Hints on developing teams
  • 5.5 Team planning processes
    • 5.5.1 Establishing purpose and gaining commitment
    • 5.5.2 Ensuring the team adds value
    • 5.5.3 Avoiding group-think in teams
    • 5.5.4 Encouraging participative group relationships
    • 5.5.5 Team member roles
  • 5.6 Supportive and directive team leadership behaviours
    • 5.6.1 Cost of poor team participation

• 6. Establishing and administering safe work environments

  • 6.1 Introduction - What is safety?
    • 6.1.1 Safety and the potential for injury
    • 6.1.2 How accidents happen
  • 6.2 What is legislative responsibility and what are laws?
    • 6.2.1 Common Law
    • 6.2.2 Statute Law
    • 6.2.3 Occupational health and safety legislation in the workplace
    • 6.2.4 Further legal definitions
  • 6.3 OHS administration and the responsibilities for all workplace personnel
    • 6.3.1 Employers
    • 6.3.2 Persons in Control of Workplaces
    • 6.3.3 Manufacturers, Designers and Suppliers
    • 6.3.4 Persons who Erect and Install Plant and Equipment
    • 6.3.5 Employees
  • 6.4 Making implications of an unsafe practices and environment clear to all within the workplace
  • 6.5 Provide financial and human resources for the effective operation of the OHS system
    • 6.5.1 The nature of symbols
    • 6.5.2 Common symbols
    • 6.5.3 Choosing the appropriate OH&S interpersonal communication medium
  • 6.6 Health and safety representatives and committees
    • 6.6.1 Role of OHS representatives
  • 6.7 Occupational Health and Safety induction and training
    • 6.7.1 Complete a OHS training needs analysis

• 7. Occupational health and safety risks and hazards

  • 7.1 Hazards
    • 7.1.1 Monitoring safety and maintaining a safe environment
    • 7.1.2 What are hazards?
    • 7.1.3 Hazard identification
    • 7.1.4 Safety audits
    • 7.1.5 Hazard scenarios
  • 7.2 Hygiene
  • 7.3 Equipment hazards
  • 7.4 Risk assessment
  • 7.6 Risk control
    • 7.6.1 Fire and evacuation procedures
    • 7.6.2 Waste recycling, reduction and disposal hazards
  • 7.7 Inspections
    • 7.7.1 Continuous inspections
    • 7.7.2 Planned inspections
    • 7.7.3 Planning for Inspections
    • 7.7.4 Who will conduct the inspection?
  • 7.8 A suggested guide for planned inspections

• 8. Managing and controlling an occupational health and safety system

  • 8.1 Monitor control measures
    • 8.1.1 Writing the inspection report
  • 8.2 Reporting and making claims
  • 8.3 Occupational health and safety record keeping
    • 8.3.1 Investigate and report non-conformance
    • 8.3.2 Follow up for corrective action
    • 8.3.3 Recommendations for corrective action in an inspection report
  • 8.4 Implement improvements to the OHS system
    • 8.4.1 Accident Investigation

2.1.2 Setting and integrating job performance outcomes

Competency standards are not necessarily the same as the performance outcomes set by a company to meet their specific needs. Often national competencies set a standard of performance required at a level of employment, while companies set standards that include specific measures for task completion.

Activity 1

Differentiating competencies from performance indicators

Establish which of the following are either a competency standard likely to apply to many individuals and companies (Mark with an 'C'), or a measurable, more specific Performance Indicator likely to be internal to one company (Mark with a 'P').

1. Process 12 A3001 forms per day
2. Process forms correctly to time requirements
3. Manage self
4. Achieve an overall decrease in customer complaints
5. Determine and record customers' cause for complaint
6. Telephones are answered within three rings
7. Maintain computer equipment to manufacturers' instructions
8. Source data on the causes of workplace injury
9. Monitor all A3001 work place injury file system entries and lending accurately
10. Establish and maintain files

Answers are.

Competency standards are those listed at 3, 5, 7 and 10. The remaining could be performance indicators with more detailed measures.

Evolution of performance appraisal in Australian enterprises today can be represented as follows:

• None.
• Informal interview on an unstructured basis.
• Interviews conducted annually in isolation from mainstream management systems.
• An infrequent interview (once or twice a year) which is linked to the planning cycle through report back by the interviewer into the corporate planning system
• A more frequent interview (two to four times a year) with key staff (usually managers) to rate the individual's contribution to enterprise performance against a set of targets set by management from strategic objectives. Individual development is determined through comparison with others to determine normative 'efficiency' and 'competence'.
• An integrated exercise conducted at irregular and key points with participatively set targets to measure all employees' strategic contributions. Rating of performance and development needs ascertained through use of 360-degree (multi-level, two-way communication) feedback from individuals against collective indicators.

It is fair to say many public and private enterprises are failing to realise that performance appraisal systems form one of the key components in an organisation's capacity to flexibly respond to customer needs. Appraisal systems also maintain a critical link between organisational and job design and the improvement in the delivery of products or services.

Activity 2

What are the major problems with YOUR use or involvement in Performance Appraisals?

Priority listing Issue

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